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Children in Scotland responds to two-child cap Bill

16 September 2025

Scottish MPs will introduce a Private Member’s Bill to the UK Parliament intending to remove the two-child benefit cap. Kirsty Blackman MP will introduce the Bill. 

If the Bill passes, the Secretary of State will be required to “publish a child poverty strategy which includes proposals for removing the limit on the number of children or qualifying young persons included in the calculation of an award of Universal Credit”. 

 

What is the ‘two-child cap’ 

It’s a policy within the UK’s means-tested welfare system that stops extra payments for children beyond the first two. If a child is born after 5 April 2017, the family does not get extra Universal Credit or Child Tax Credit payments for the third (or further) child. 

The purpose given is to limit welfare spending, but critics say it increases poverty, especially for larger, low-income families.  

 

What is a Private Member’s Bill? 

It is a proposal for a new law put forward by an MP or a member of the House of Lords who is not part of the government, in this case Blackman.  

The process is the same as for government bills. MPs can introduce them through a ballot, a ten-minute speech, or by presenting them formally in the chamber. Even if they don’t then become law, these bills are often used to highlight issues, shape debate, and sometimes push the government into acting on the issue it raises.  

 

What does Children in Scotland have to say?  

Dr Judith Turbyne, Chief Executive at Children in Scotland, said:  

“Levels of poverty in the UK are  unacceptable. Recent research from the Trussell Trust found that more than 14 million people in the UK faced hunger in the past year due to a lack of money. In Scotland, 210,000 children live in households which cannot afford consistent access to nutritious food. This has to change. While rates of child poverty in Scotland continue to be high, we know that the Scottish Child Payment has prevented many families from falling into poverty. The Child Payment works as it increases the resources for some of the poorest and most vulnerable families. We, therefore, really support the scrapping of the two-child cap. This could have a transformative impact across the UK.” 

Helen Barnard at the Trussell Trust said she had been informed of parents “losing sleep, worrying about how they will pay for new shoes, school trips, keep the lights on or afford the bus fare to work.  

She added: “We have already created a generation of children who’ve never known life without food banks. That must change.” 

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New online hub from Enquire supports care experienced learners

15 September 2025

Enquire, Scotland’s national advice service for additional support for learning, has launched Navigate, a new online hub designed to improve support for care experienced children and young people in education. 

Funded through the Keep the Promise Fund, Navigate provides adults who live with, care for, or work with care experienced pupils with clear rights-based information, real-life stories, and practical tools they can use to break down barriers to learning. 

At the heart of Navigate is a simple goal: to make it easier for care experienced children and young people to get the consistent support they are entitled to at school. 

“We know that too many care experienced learners face barriers in education that prevent them from thriving” said Mark, Senior Advice and Information Officer at Enquire. “Navigate has been shaped by young people’s voices and real-life experiences. It’s designed to be practical, accessible and to help the adults around a young person work together more effectively.” 

Built on listening and collaboration 

Navigate grew out of Enquire’s years of experience supporting families and professionals through its national helpline and engagement events with communities across Scotland. That work highlighted three areas where support can make a critical difference for care experienced pupils: attendance, exclusions, and co-ordinated support plans. 

To ensure the resources reflected real experiences and practical needs, Enquire worked directly with care experienced pupils, carried out surveys, and collaborated with partner organisations. Their insights shaped the structure of Navigate, which is organised into three easy-to-use sections: 

  • Understanding rights - accessible information and guidance 
  • Real-life stories - case studies and examples from lived experience 
  • What can I do? - practical, ready-to-use tools 

Practical, accessible, and distinct 

Navigate sits within the Enquire website, making it easy to find and use alongside the service’s wider advice service. It introduces a new short-form, bitesize approach to information - from adaptable draft emails for parents and carers to quick video explainers from expert voices. 

Working with designers Do Good, Enquire developed a distinct identity for Navigate. The new logo - a location pin with a subtle heart-shaped shadow - symbolises finding a way through education, while paying tribute to the values of The Promise. 

Keeping The Promise, together 

Navigate is rooted in collaboration. It highlights existing resources and shares the insights of multiple partners, reflecting Enquire’s belief that improving outcomes for care experienced learners cannot be achieved by one organisation alone. 

By making practical advice and tools more accessible, Navigate aims to strengthen the scaffolding of support around care experienced children and young people - so they can be heard, understood, and meaningfully supported in education. 

Explore Navigate 

The Navigate hub is now live at: enquire.org.uk/navigate 

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Children in Scotland data highlights gaps in delivery of additional support for learning

27 August 2025

Today, Children in Scotland publishes insights that demonstrates multiple factors can contribute to a lower attendance rate among pupils with additional support needs in Scotland. The briefing comes after Scottish Government data shows that pupils with additional support needs had a lower overall attendance rate than pupils without.

Policy briefing: Additional support for learning – Attendance

The briefing presents key findings based on the main reasons and issues raised on our Enquire helpline in relation to attendance and considers how these affect a pupil’s ability to attend school. It also provides quotes in relation to the findings from children and young people we engage with to ensure that voices, views and experiences of pupils with additional support needs are centred.

This includes Children in Scotland’s Inclusion Ambassadors, a group of secondary school-aged pupils who each have a range of additional support needs and who work to set out what they expect from our education system in Scotland. They have discussed in depth the issues they have experienced in school that can contribute to school absence, including relationships with peers and staff, anxiety about school and a lack of support.

The most common issues raised are mental health issues, support and relationships in schools, part-time timetables, and out-of-school education provision.

“[Anxiety] can make you feel unable to step outside your house.” 

“Some teachers don’t even look at your support plan – if you say you’re going to do something you should follow through on what you say.” 

“S1 was OK for most of the year. But then all my tapping and singing was distracting and everything, so I kept getting sent out and then my mum had to come up to school. I don’t like that. It’s embarrassing.” 

“[I struggled] just being there [in school] overall, it’s so loud and busy. I can’t go back there if I miss anything. The people are not kind, the same as primary school. It’s so big and everything is far apart.” 

Members of the Inclusion Ambassadors

It is a responsibility for all duty bearers – those named under the UNCRC (Incorporation) Act (Scotland) as responsible for adhering to children’s rights as laid out in the convention – to ensure that all children and young people in Scotland can access and enjoy their right to education. Greater focus must be placed on understanding the unique support of pupils who are not attending school and ensuring that these needs can be met.

This briefing offers calls to action as a starting point for key decision-makers and duty bearers to address these issues, including:

  • The Scottish Government and Additional Support for Learning Project Board should include the monitoring of attendance in its national measurement framework as part of the additional support for learning action plan delivery
  • Changes to how absences are recorded by schools to improve insights
  • Public awareness campaigns designed to improve understanding around the reasons for non-attendance, and how to better support this
  • Provide a streamlined and comprehensive guidance document for schools addressing the key issues related to low attendance
  • Greater investment and resources directed towards establishing out-of-school education provision that provides safe and supportive environments to learn.

The Scottish Government should make clear links to improving attendance as it delivers the remaining actions in the Additional Support for Learning Action Plan. Improved attendance rates among pupils with additional support needs would provide a valuable indicator for measuring the delivery of better support.

David Yule, Policy, Projects and Participation Officer at Children in Scotland, welcomes the findings of the briefing and the clear calls to action for cited stakeholders:

“These recommendations highlight key areas where real progress can be made to ensure pupils with additional support needs are better understood and considered. At Children in Scotland, we pride ourselves on our knowledge and expertise on these matters, gained through our experience of delivering national services. We hope the calls to action will be followed through by the relevant bodies and we look forward to working in partnership to support and inform this.”

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Children in Scotland celebrates progress in advocacy, membership and services

Children in Scotland has today released its 2024-25 achievement report, celebrating highlights from across the organisation. The report demonstrates significant progress despite ongoing economic challenges. 

The organisation worked directly with over 2,600 children and young people, delivered training to more than 12,000 delegates, and hosted 60 events including a vibrant Annual Conference attended by over 450 professionals. It welcomed 57 new organisations and individuals into membership.

A central focus remained the empowerment of young voices. The Changing our World advisory group helped shape education policy, and the Access All Arts Fund allowed children and young people across Scotland to access arts funding and develop their creative interests – with a panel of children and young people themselves making key decisions on awards.  

In the report, CEO Dr Judith Turbyne emphasises the organisation’s values of bravery, kindness, collaboration, and fairness. Speaking on the economic challenges faced across the children’s sector, she said: “Crises can be a lever for change. Our role is to ensure children’s rights and voices remain at the centre of decision-making.” 

The charity’s services continued to thrive, with Enquire handling 1,400 enquiries and Resolve marking 20 years of mediation success, while the My Rights, My Say children’s views service had its busiest year ever, receiving 120 referrals. 

Meanwhile, policy work gained traction with contributions to Scottish Parliament inquiries and strong advocacy for sustainable third sector funding.  

The report contains a range of resources, including reports, free eLearning modules, and consultation responses produced by Children in Scotland during 2024-25.  

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Children in Scotland’s response to the Restraint and Seclusion Bill

Children in Scotland has responded to the Scottish Parliament’s consultation on the Restraint and Seclusion in Schools (Scotland) Bill, which was introduced to the Scottish Parliament on 17 March 2025.

The Bill was introduced by Daniel Johnson, and is intended to limit the use of unnecessary restraint and seclusion of children and young people in schools, and would require the Scottish Government to issue guidance on the use of restraint and seclusion to education providers.

Children in Scotland welcomes the Bill, having been involved in responding to previous calls for views relating to this topic, as a necessary step towards safeguarding children and young people from the negative impact the use of restrain and seclusion can have, particularly when over- or inappropriately used.

In particular, we support the Bill’s introduction of measures that would strengthen and improve the existing legislative and police framework, such as the introduction of a 24-hour timescale for informing parents and carers of incidents of restrain and seclusion.

And while we welcome the Bill’s requirement for all incidents of restraint and seclusion to be recorded and reported to the Scottish Parliament, we would like to see mention of gathering data on whether the affected child or young person has any additional support needs; as incidents of restraint and seclusion often involve children with additional support needs, we feel that these are important data that should be taken into consideration.

We would also encourage the Bill to make training on seclusion and restraint mandatory for all teachers and support staff, with training focusing on de-escalation and minimising the use of restraint and seclusion. We recognise that all behaviour is communication, and that staff should be supported to respond in a trauma informed way to support and safeguard all children.

We look forward to working further with the Scottish Parliament and the wider children’s sector on this Bill and hope to see it become an Act that will help Scotland’s children to flourish.

Read our full response to the consultation here.

 

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Children in Scotland responds to Children Bill’s introduction

The Children (Care, Care Experience and Services Planning) (Scotland) Bill was introduced to the Scottish Parliament last week, the first step in the process towards becoming an Act.

The Bill, formerly known as the Promise Bill, is part of the Scottish Government’s commitment to keeping The Promise by 2030 and will, if passed into law, introduce changes to the services and support provided to care experienced children, young people, and adults.

The changes will be introduced across eight legislative areas at different stages of a child’s interaction with the care system, including a right to advocacy for children, young people, and adults with care experience; steps to address issues around profits from residential care; and a redesign of the Children’s Hearings system.

While introducing this Bill is a positive step towards keeping The Promise, we have some concerns regarding certain aspects of the Bill, including its timescale; with Parliament going into recess on Friday 27 June, it was thought that the Bill would face severe delays if the Call for Views is not launched prior to this. It is incredibly important to ensure the voices of care experienced children, young people, and adults are heard throughout the entire process, and with only five years until the 2030 deadline to keep The Promise, expediency in this area is vital.

Furthermore, there is a lack of clarity around some aspects of the Bill; reforms to the Children’s Hearing system take up a significant portion of the Bill, with little explanation for why this has been prioritised over other aspects. Additionally, we are looking for further guidance and clarity on how the Bill will align with the UNCRC incorporation legislation to strengthen the rights of children and young people with care experience.

Overall, we are happy to see progress towards keeping The Promise, particularly from a legislative perspective, and we are committed to further work with the Scottish Government to ensure this Bill keeps the voices of care experienced children, young people, and adults at its heart, and we look forward to following the Bill’s progress closely in the future.

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Five highlights from Children in Scotland’s Annual Conference 2025

Report by Calum Rosie, Communications Officer, Children in Scotland

Last week, Children in Scotland travelled to Glasgow for our Annual Conference 2025, an event that saw representatives from across the children and young people’s sector come together to learn from each other and build networks across the country.

We moved through to the west coast this year as a way to feel the influence from other parts of the country and to ensure the event stays fresh and sharp, which resulted in one of our most successful Annual Conferences ever. There were far too many brilliant moments to mention, but we’ve selected a small highlight sample of our favourite moments from across both days.

#SpaceforVoices

The conference slogan was ‘space for voices’, which summed up everything we wanted the conference to be: an event which allowed people to express themselves and discuss important topics with other members of the children and young people community. It was clear at the end of the two days, after hearing and participating in these discussions, that this was achieved.

However, a second theme naturally emerged as the conference progressed, with many speakers and workshops highlighting the ‘Dark and Light’. It was widely acknowledged that the world is facing incredibly dark and difficult times, particularly the world’s children and young people, with the suffering in Gaza, Yemen, and Sudan all mentioned alongside the challenges facing Scotland’s children and young people and those who work with them.

But this was always contrasted with a feeling of hope that shone through from being in a room full to bursting with a huge variety of people all determined to work together to build a better world for our children and young people. Children in Scotland’s CEO Dr Judith Turbyne said: “We have to understand the darkness, but we can’t be paralysed by it”, and that “when we come together, we really can make a difference.”

Children and young people's voices

Championing the welfare of children and young people is why many of the organisations who attended the conference exist, with Children in Scotland being no exception, which is why we were delighted to see so much participation from children and young people themselves across both days of the conference.

The conference was co-chaired by two members of our young people’s advisory group, Changing our World (CoW). Abbie-Rosie and Shaun did a marvelous job of keeping the whole event running smoothly, while other members of CoW were on hand to represent their group and participate in various workshops throughout the day.

Many workshops featured children and young people in an active role, with representatives from Adoption UK in Scotland giving a brilliant contribution to their workshop, and Cyrenian’s Changemakers leading an eloquent and insightful panel calling for “action over words” and hoping to “ignite the spark of hope”.

It is essential that the voices of children and young people are heard while discussing issues affecting them directly, so it was fantastic to see them take centre-stage during this conference and express themselves so thoroughly and so effectively.

Making progress on key issues

A current focus for many working in the children’s sector in Scotland is on progressing towards The Promise, so it was no surprise to see it crop up several times across both days.

Fraser McKinlay, Chief Executive of The Promise Scotland, gave us a progress update, stating candidly that Scotland is “behind schedule”, but is “headed in the right direction” and is committed to “redoubling our efforts” to ensure that Scotland does indeed keep its promise to its children and young people.

Similarly, the UNCRC played an important role in proceedings, particularly during Director of Together Juliet Harris’ keynote speech, who called it “the glue that holds our commitment to babies, children, and young people together”, and stressed that “for these rights to mean anything we must see children and we must act with them.”

Artistic contributions

Universally agreed as conference highlights were our artistic contributors. Firstly, Dr Vanessa Collingridge gave a deeply insightful and personal speech about the power of music and its ability to influence our minds and bodies; this was paired with an mesmorising musical performance by her son Archie who then spoke about the impact music can have on mental health.

On day two, Nadine Aisha Jassat spoke brilliantly about her experience growing up as a child of two cultures and the role that books and storytelling have played in her life. Her talk ended with the audience creating a word cloud featuring words of hope for children in Scotland today, which Nadine then skillfully turned into a poem on the spot; this poem was kept onstage for the rest of the day, with several other speakers interacting with and praising it.

A spotlight on self-care

In planning the conference, our events team were dedicated to the idea that it be a safe, inclusive and comfortable space for all, both attendees and contributors. To that end, several measures were put in place to help to encourage self-care, such as having a dedicated quiet room for anyone who needed a still space to recharge and reflect.

Additionally, the Enquire team set up a mindfulness area with soft, comfortable places to sit and chat, and activities that encouraged mindfulness such as making bead jewellery.

A very popular corner of the conference was dedicated, as always, to our friends from Pets as Therapy. Milo, Olive, Annie, and Zola provided a much appreciated energy of calm and acceptance, and seemed very happy to be repaid with lots of pats, cuddles, and the occasional biscuit.

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Disposable vapes ban in Scotland: Children and young people call for further action

Last Sunday, 1 June, a ban came into effect preventing the sale of disposable vapes in shops and supermarkets across the UK, a change that aims to positively impact children’s health and the environment.

While the ban has been welcomed by Changing our World (CoW), Children in Scotland’s children and young people’s advisory group, they continue to call on the Scottish Government to consider further recommendations to reduce the sale of rechargeable and refillable vaping products that are still available to purchase in shops.

Since 2022, Changing our World have been sharing their concerns about the impact of vaping on children and young people and have been calling for changes to be made. This has included speaking directly to Scottish Government ministers and publishing an evidence paper on vaping with a number of recommendations including changing how vapes are promoted, packaged and displayed, as well as having better education on the health impacts of vaping, especially within a school context.

The group, which is made up of young people aged 8-25 with different backgrounds, ideas and experiences, also received the Healthcare Rights Award at the Scottish Children’s Health Awards in 2024 in recognition of their work on vaping.

At Children in Scotland’s Annual Conference, which took place in Glasgow last week, members of Changing our World discussed the ban with delegates working with children and young people across Scotland. While there was positive support regarding the environmental impact of the ban, there were clear doubts about how effective it would be in tackling youth vaping. While discussing concerns about the current age restrictions not being met, a member of Changing our World said: “I know young people who are able to buy vapes in smaller shops – if they now just start buying reusable vapes that won’t address the problem of young people becoming addicted”.

Children in Scotland’s Policy, Projects and Participation Manager, Chris Ross said:

“Changing our World have campaigned passionately on the issue of vaping and the announcement of the ban on disposable vapes last year was a positive signal that their voices were being heard by the Scottish Government. With the ban now in effect, it will be important to understand if it is effectively tackling the issue of youth vaping.

"From discussions with CoW members, we remain concerned that vaping will continue to negatively interact with young people’s rights, including their right to health, education and privacy. With the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC) now part of Scottish legislation, it’s more important than ever that young people’s views are listened to and acted upon.”

While Changing our World has concluded that a total ban would be the most effective measure for addressing the challenges still posed by rechargeable and refillable vapes, they also recommended the following:

  • Vaping products should be less visible in shops, similar to the current regulations around displaying cigarettes
  • The packaging of vaping products should be regulated and only permitted to be plain, making the products less eye-catching or appealing to children and young people
  • Personal and Social Education (PSE) in primary and secondary schools should cover vaping, with current resources adapted to become more relevant.

With the Scottish Government committed to reducing youth vaping, Children in Scotland would like to see children and young people invited to be more fully involved in developing future solutions, using recommendations from groups like CoW to put practical, impactful legislation in place.

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Plans to revoke under 22 bus passes is ‘stigmatising' young people, says Scottish Youth Parliament

The Scottish Youth Parliament (SYP) has responded to the Scottish Government’s plans to use suspension of concessionary bus cards for under 22 year olds as a punishment for anti-social behaviour, the SYP saying ‘young people shouldn’t be singled out and stigmatised’.  

In the recently published Programme for Government, the Scottish Government outlined plans to ‘ensure a safer Scotland’ by temporarily or permanently revoking the under 22 travel scheme for children and young people found to be engaging in anti-social behaviour while using the card. The PfG stated the government was looking into whether any legislative change would be required, and creating a behavioural code for the scheme. 

SYP has spoken against this measure, arguing that removing access to free bus travel could restrict children and young people’s access to support services and education, and that focus should be on prevention of anti-social behaviour through providing accessible services like youth work.  

SYP in particular is asking First Minister John Swinney to ‘ensure children and young people are involved in this decision and that all action takes a children's rights-based approach.’ 

Islay Jackson, MSYP for Glasgow Anniesland, said the proposal creates a ‘stigma that singles out young people’, asking ‘how are we supposed to look up to decision makers that wrongly accuse us and remove a service that can revolutionise a young person’s life?’ 

Matthew Gordon, MSYP for Glasgow Kelvin, stated:

‘We need to protect everyone on buses but scapegoating young people is absolutely not the way to do it.’ 

Hamish Nott, MYSP for Inverness and Nairn, said:

‘I am worried that implementing this removal from U22s is shifting the blame for anti-social behaviour completely onto young people.’  

Visit the Scottish Youth Parliament website 

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New eLearning modules support pupil support staff to #KeepThePromise

As part of Children in Scotland’s ongoing commitment to keeping The Promise, we have developed and are delivering a Pupil Support Staff Learning Programme with the intention of creating stronger support for care experienced learners.

Work on the programme began in 2023 by speaking with care experienced children and young people to find out what improvements in support they would like to see, and pupil support staff in order to ascertain what learning opportunities would benefit their professional development.

Since then, we have delivered a range of accessible training, including our recently launched free eLearning modules. The modules are designed to build knowledge of The Promise, as well as understanding of the experiences of care experienced children and young people, with the advanced modules designed to help advocate for care experienced children and young people more widely.

We also deliver dedicated training dates, both online and in person, which began last November. Our in-person events have taken place across the country, with the final session taking place in Glasgow this Thursday. These events have been extremely valuable additions to the modules, and give an opportunity to discuss learning with others in the pupil support community, and to ask any questions that have arisen while working through the training.

We are incredibly proud of the hard work put into this programme and are looking forward to working with pupil support professionals to further our commitment to keeping The Promise. If you want to learn more about the current work and progress on The Promise, Children in Scotland’s Annual Conference 2025 will have plenty of workshops and speakers focusing on The Promise, such as Independent Strategic Advisor on The Promise Fiona Duncan, and tickets are still available on our conference hub. 

Pupil Support Staff eLearning modules

The free eLearning modules looks to improve support for care experienced learners in schools.

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Annual Conference 2025

Making Space for Voices: Join our Annual Conference in Glasgow on 28 and 29 May 2025

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Insight magazine, Issue 7

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Reach

The website for young people offers advice and support on accessing their rights

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